Does methylphenidate improve academic performance? A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Forfatter(e)
- Kortekaas-Rijlaarsdam, A. F. Luman, M. Sonuga-Barke, E. Oosterlaan, J.
- År
- 2018
- Tidsskrift
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Sider
- 20
- Kategori(er)
- ADHDSkoleprestasjoner
- Tiltakstype(r)
- Sentralstimulerende medikamenter
- Abstract
Academic improvement is amongst the most common treatment targets when prescribing stimulants to children with ADHD:
Previous reviews on stimulant-related academic improvements are inconclusive and focus on task engagement. Recent literature suggests outcome-domain-specific medication effects that are larger for productivity than for accuracy.
The aims of this study are quantifying methylphenidate effects on academic productivity and accuracy for math, reading, spelling; exploring the mediating or moderating effects of symptom improvements, demographic-, design- and disorder-related variables. PubMed, EMBASE, ERIC and PsycINFO were searched for articles reporting methylphenidate effects on academic productivity and accuracy.
Thirty-four studies met entry criteria. Methylphenidate improved math productivity (7.8% increase, p < .001); math accuracy (3.0% increase, p = .001); increased reading speed (SMD .47, p < .001) but not reading accuracy.
None of the mediators or moderators tested affected methylphenidate efficacy. Academic improvements were small compared to symptom improvements; qualitative changes limited to math. Clinicians should take this discrepancy into account when prescribing medication for ADHD.