Sustained improvements by behavioural parent training for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review of longer-term child and parental outcomes
- Forfatter(e)
- Doffer, D. P. Dekkers, T. J. Hornstra, R. van der Oord, S. Luman, M. Leijten, P. Hoekstra, P. J. van den Hoofdakker, B. J. Groenman, A. P.
- År
- 2023
- Tidsskrift
- JCPP Advances
- Sider
- No Pagination Specified
- Kategori(er)
- ADHD
- Tiltakstype(r)
- Foreldreveiledning/-terapi
- Abstract
Background: Behavioural parent training is an evidence-based intervention for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about the extent to which initial benefits are maintained.
Aims: This meta-analytic review investigated longer-term (i.e., more than 2 months post-intervention) child and parental outcomes of behavioural parent training for children with ADHD.
Materials & MethodsWe searched for randomized controlled trials and examined ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems, positive parenting, negative parenting, parenting sense of competence, parent-child relationship quality, and parental mental health as outcomes. We included 27 studies (31 interventions; 217 effect sizes), used multilevel random-effects meta-analyses for between- and within-group comparisons (pre-intervention to follow-up and post-intervention to follow-up), and explored twelve predictors of change.
Results: Between pre-intervention and follow-up (M = 5.3 months), we found significant small-to-moderate between-group effects of the intervention on ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems, positive parenting, parenting sense of competence and parent-child relationship quality. Within-group findings show sustained improvements in the intervention conditions for all outcome domains. There were few significant changes from post-intervention to follow-up. Additionally, the large majority of the individual effect sizes indicated sustained outcomes from post-intervention to follow-up. There were seven significant predictors of change in child outcomes, including stronger reductions in ADHD symptoms of girls and behaviour problems of younger children. In contrast with some meta-analyses on short-term effects, we found no differences between masked and unmasked outcomes on ADHD symptoms at follow-up.
Discussion & ConclusionWe conclude that behavioural parent training has longer-term benefits for children's ADHD symptoms and behavioural problems, and for positive parenting behaviours, parenting sense of competence and quality of the parent-child relationship. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)